C6H6 + HNO3 → C6H5NO2 + H2O – Balanced equation

Reactants:

• C₆H₆ – Benzene
  • Other names: Benzol (historic/German) , Cyclohexa-1 , 3
  • Appearance: Colorless liquid ; Colourless liquid with characteristic odour ; Colorless to light-yellow liquid with an aromatic odor. [Note: A solid below 42°F.]
• HNO₃ – Nitric acid
  • Other names: Aqua fortis , Spirit of niter , Eau forte
  • Appearance: Colorless, yellow or red fuming liquid ; Colourless-to-yellow liquid with pungent odour ; Colorless, yellow, or red, fuming liquid with an acrid, suffocating odor. [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution. Fuming nitric acid is concentrated nitric acid that contains dissolved nitrogen dioxide.]

Products:

• C₆H₅NO₂
  • Names: Nitrobenzene , Essence of mirbane , Nitrobenzol , Oil of mirbane
  • Appearance: Pale yellow oily liquid with characteristic odour ; Yellow, oily liquid with a pungent odor like paste shoe polish. [Note: A solid below 42°F.]
• H₂O – Water, oxidane
  • Other names: Water (H2O) , Hydrogen hydroxide (HH or HOH) , Hydrogen oxide
  • Appearance: White crystalline solid, almost colorless liquid with a hint of blue, colorless gas