SiO2 + 2 Mg → 2 MgO + Si – Balanced equation

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This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction:

Si^IV + 4 e^- → Si (reduction)

2 Mg - 4 e^- → 2 Mg^II (oxidation)

SiO₂ is an oxidizing agent, Mg is a reducing agent.

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Reactants:

SiO₂
Mg
- Names: Magnesium , Magnesium (powder) , Magnesium (pellets)
- Appearance: Grey powder ; Silvery-white metallic solid in various forms

Products:

MgO – Magnesium oxide
- Other names: Magnesia , Periclase , Magnesium oxide fume
- Appearance: White powder ; Hygroscopic fine white powder ; Finely divided white particulate dispersed in air. [Note: Exposure may occur when magnesium is burned, thermally cut, or welded upon.]
Si
- Names: Silicon , Si , Element 14
- Appearance: Steel-grey crystals or black-to-brown amorphous powder ; Black to gray, lustrous, needle-like crystals. [Note: The amorphous form is a dark-brown powder.]